Enigmas on Magic Squares: win €8,000 and 12 bottles of champagne!!!
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While magic squares have been known and studied for many centuries, it is surprising that for certain types of magic squares we still do not know today which are the smallest possible! In an effort to make progress on these unsolved problems, twelve prizes totaling €8,000 and 12 bottles of champagne are offered for the solutions to twelve enigmas (six main at €1,000 each, six small from €100 to €500 each):
After the solutions of enigmas #3a and #5, there still remain ten prizes totaling €6,900€ + 10 bottles of champagne (at the time of the last update of this website). |
Who can construct, or prove the impossibility:
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373² |
289² |
565² |
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360721 |
425² |
23² |
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205² |
527² |
222121 |
No, I myself do not have the solutions... Of course, only the first person who solves an enigma will win the associated prize and will be named in this table:
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2x2 |
Impossible |
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3x3 |
Main enigma #1 |
Impossible. Proved by E. Lucas, 1891 |
Main enigma #3 |
Impossible |
Impossible. Proved by L. Morgenstern, 2007 |
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4x4 |
L. Euler, 1770 |
Impossible. Proved by L. Pebody / J.-C. Rosa, 2004** |
L. Morgenstern, 2006 |
Main enigma #4 |
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5x5 |
C. Boyer, 2004 |
Main enigma #2 |
C. Boyer, 2004 |
Small enigma #4a |
Main enigma #6 |
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6x6 |
C. Boyer, 2005 |
J. Wroblewski, 2006 |
L. Morgenstern, 2006 |
Small enigma #4b |
Small enigma #6a |
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7x7 |
C. Boyer***, 2005 |
L. Morgenstern, 2006 |
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Small enigma #4c |
Small enigma #6b |
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8x8 |
G. Pfeffermann***, 1890 |
L. Morgenstern, 2006 |
W. Trump, 2008 |
W. Horner, 1955 |
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9x9 |
G. Pfeffermann***, 1891 |
L. Morgenstern - |
C. Boyer***, 2006 |
W. Horner, 1952 |
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* or using at least 7 squared integers among its 9 integers,
different from the only known example
** proved the same year, but independently
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these squares use consecutive integers (or consecutive squared integers,
or consecutive cubed integers)
Countries: Switzerland (Euler), England
(Pebody), France (Pfeffermann, Lucas, Rosa, Boyer), Germany (Trump), Japan
((Shirakawa), Poland
(Wroblewski), USA (Horner, Morgenstern)
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Congratulations to Toshihiro Shirakawa, Japan, who, very quickly after the announcement of the contest on April
6th, 2010, solved two enigmas: Here happy, with his first bottle of champagne!
He received a second one, some days later. A total of two Moët & Chandon impérial
bottles, and of €1100. |
Enigmas in Pour La Science... and elsewhere
in ![]()
Dossier Pour La Science (Jeux math')....... and
Pour La Science website
Many thanks to the numerous people, magazines and websites for announcing the contest after receiving the press release sent April 6th 2010, in particular, by chronological order:
In advance, sorry to others of whom I am not aware, but I also thank them!
And also, for their report of the solutions found by Toshihiro Shirakawa, thanks to:
With this Japanese paper in Sugaku Seminar, I know now that my name is written that way in katakana:
Thanks Toshihiro for detailing me these characters of my name. Amusing: the numbers being the only characters that we can easily read, we may deduct that this paragraph probably says that in 2010, in April (4), I submitted 12 enigmas, prizes totaling 8000 euros, each being from 100 to 1000 euros. Am I right?
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